09. IWAYA BURIAL MOUND

The Iwaya Burial Mound, also known as Mound #1 of the Mukouyama Burial Mounds, is the 52-meter-long and 6-meter-high Zempou Kouenfun (keyhole-shaped burial mound) that is a part of Mukouyama Burial Mounds (Mound #1 in this group).

岩屋古墳は、向山古墳群のひとつ（向山一号墳）で、全長52ｍ、高さ6mの前方後円墳です。

For the koen area (round part of the keyhole), there is room to store the coffin called Yokoanashiki Sekishitsu. What is impressive about this mound is that the ceiling and wall were made from one giant boulder!

後円部は天井と各壁が一枚の巨石で作られている全長9mの横穴式石室です。

The entrance to the mound has been open since the Edo period, and many artifacts were lost.

However, some artifacts were found, including water bird- and human-shaped Haniwa, iron tools, gold and copper horse harnesses, and Sue pottery fragments.

古くから開口しているため副葬品はほとんど散逸していますが、水鳥、人物などの形象埴輪、鉄器、金銅製の馬具、須恵器等が出土しています。

It was registered as a National Historic Site in 1932.

1932年に国の史跡として登録されました。

You can enter this mound. Please be extremely careful with the bats living inside.

実際に中に入ることが出来る珍しい古墳です。

中に入られるときは、こうもりに注意してください。

【年代（ねんだい）】

Kofun Period　古墳時代

About  1450 years ago　約 1450 年前

【Correct Answer】A. An abundance of Fukiishi (roofing stones) was laid out on the mound.墳丘の斜面に葺石（ふきいし）が置かれている。

＊Fukiishi (roofing stones) means putting various types of rocks on the hillside of the mound to prevent the outflow of earth and sand from the mound.

＊葺石（ふきいし）とは、墳丘斜面などに河原石や礫石（れきいし）を積んだりすることです。

＊Mukouyama Burial Mounds consist of sixteen different mounds spread within Hoki Kodai-no-Oka Park.

＊向山古墳群とは、伯耆古代の丘公園内にある、16基の古墳の事です。

＊There are a variety of shapes of Haniwa figures. Some examples are animals, humans, tools, and furniture.

＊形象埴輪とは、生物や物をかたどった埴輪の事で、動物埴輪、人物埴輪、器材埴輪、家財埴輪などがありました。

＊Sue Pottery (known as Sueki in Japan) is a type of pottery with both characteristics of clay pottery and ceramic. While clay pottery is baked at approximately 800 degrees Celsius (1,472 degrees Fahrenheit), Sue Pottery is baked at 1,000 degrees Celsius (1,832 degrees Fahrenheit). 

Unlike clay pottery, Sue pottery did not allow water to seep into the pottery itself.

＊須恵器は、古墳～平安時代にかけて生産された陶質の土器の事です（陶器ではありません）。

＊Zenpou Kouenfun is a key-shaped burial mound. There is also a burial mound with the shape of a scallop called the Hotategai-shiki Burial Mound. In this case, the bottom part is shorter than Zempou Kouenfun.

＊前方後円墳とは、上が丸、下が台形の鍵穴型の古墳の事です。帆立貝式古墳も似たような形をしていますが、下の台形部分が、前方後円墳より短いです。の戦いで抜群の働きをしました。